Cleaner buses

TfL will introduce around 3,000 ultra low emission double-deck buses in central London by 2019 and over 250 zero emission single-deck buses into central London by 2020.

Euro VI is the latest standard in diesel engines, reducing emissions of NOx by up to 95 per cent compared to the previous generation of buses. Since 2014 new buses have been supplied with these ultra low emission engines, and they are introduced across London at a rate of between 700 and 1,000 buses a year.

Electric

In central London, electric buses currently run on routes:

• 507 - Waterloo station to Victoria bus station
• 521 - Waterloo station to London Bridge station
• 43 - Halliwick Park to London Bridge station
• 134 - North Finchley bus station to Warren Street station

Routes outside central London also operate with electric buses including:

• 98 - Willesden bus garage to Red Lion Square
• 108 - Stratford International station to Lewisham station
• 312 - South Croydon bus garage to Norwood Junction station
• H98 - School Road to Wood End Green Road

Hybrid

Over 2,600 diesel-electric hybrid buses currently run through the capital, making up 30 per cent of our bus fleet. All of these buses are quieter, more fuel-efficient and cleaner than standard diesel buses, reducing emissions by between 30-40 per cent.

Hydrogen

We want London to be a world leader in hydrogen and fuel cell activity.

Hydrogen is a universal fuel that will play a major role in our clean, sustainable energy future. Together with fuel cells, hydrogen will increasingly provide us all with clean and secure energy to power vehicles.

Excitingly, if the hydrogen itself is produced from a carbon-neutral source such as London's waste, solar or wind power, we have the potential for carbon-neutral and emission-free energy.

Hydrogen fuel is a great way to power public and private transport in London. The only emission is water vapor which means that no carbon dioxide or other air pollutants are released into the air.

We know it works too, as our RV1 bus ran on it until recently. These hydrogen fuel cell buses continue to operate along our 444 bus route.

The world's first hydrogen double deck buses will be introduced on three London bus routes next year, helping tackle the capital's air quality crisis.

Hydrogen-powered vehicles have a range similar to conventional diesel vehicles achieving 350-400 miles on a single tank of fuel, and they can be refuelled within 3-5 minutes.